ReligionLink

Workplace ethics failures continue to make the news in all arenas – the corporate world, medicine, technology, law, the military and journalism. The result: a new focus on teaching values in business life.

Federal law now requires that publicly held companies report on their integrity. Business schools are looking for new ways to teach ethics. While reality might suggest that the “bad apples” would be impervious to books and training on values, the law now puts responsibility on top leadership to set the proper tone.

This pressure to inspire ethical behavior comes at a time when many authors, scholars and programs are incorporating religious perspectives in discussions of employee ethics. Some business leaders – and, in some cases, entire companies – say they take their ethical cues from religious models. Others limit ethics initiatives to secular spheres because of the diversity of employees’ beliefs and government rules about treating employee’s beliefs. (See an April 21, 2003, ReligionLink tip about the rise in workplace religious discrimination complaints for background.)

Why it matters

All religions offer ethical and moral guidance for behavior, and some people believe appealing to core faith values is the best way to increase ethical decision-making. Others cite religion’s potential for creating conflict or running afoul of government rules.

Questions for reporters

• What religious leaders and authors in your area are speaking and publishing in reaction to ethics scandals?
• What do executives and managers say about how their religious views guide their business decisions?
• Are companies using religious models to teach principled behavior?
• Are religious organizations and speakers offering business ethics workshops?
• What do business ethics professors have to say about the role of religion in working life?
• What do business students say about where they get their ethics?

Background

• Read a press release and executive summary about the 2003 Business Ethics Survey of 1,500 employees across the country by the Ethics Resource Center.
• Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the investors protection act (posted by Findlaw.com), mandates internal accounting control systems for publicly held companies, and for management to report the systems’ efficacy. The only accepted model for analyzing controls, established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations, requires a review of ethics and integrity – and training to correct deficiencies. COSO posts a summary of the framework.
• Read 850 corporate ethics codes posted by the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University.
• See a list of academic ethics centers, ethics organizations, online ethics sources, and online ethics publications from the Business Ethics Links Library at the University of Colorado at Boulder.
• Workplacespirituality.info posts articles by well-known authors about the intersection of work and faith.
• Read the June 2004 report, “Ethics Education in Business Schools,” in which a task force for the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business makes specific recommendations.
• Read “Work Ethics: Program has business leaders examine how they could employ spirituality in the working world,” an April 22, 2004, San Diego Union-Tribune article.
• CEOs surveyed by the new Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics named regaining the public trust as one of the most important issues. The survey is posted on the institute’s web site. The institute is based in Charlottesville, Va. Contact Brian Moriarty, associate director of communications, 434-982-2323, moriartyb@Darden.virginia.edu.
• Read Business Ethics magazine’s “100 Best Corporate Citizens for 2004” issue, published in the spring.
• Read the article “It’s a Heckuva Time to Be Dropping Business Ethics Courses: MBA programs are downsizing ethics requirements at precisely the wrong time” in the fall 2003 Business Ethics magazine. It talks about ethics requirements at business schools across the country.
 

National sources

• Susan M. Phillips chaired the recent Ethics Education Task Force for the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. The AACSB is the premier accrediting agency for bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degree programs in business administration and accounting. She is dean of the School of Business and Public Management at the George Washington University in Washington, D.C. Contact 202-994-6380, sbpmdean@gwu.edu.
• Stephen D. Potts is chairman of the fellows program at the Ethics Resource Center, a nonprofit educational center that tries to strengthen ethical leadership worldwide by providing expertise, research, education and partnerships. He was a member of the Ethics Education Task Force for the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. Contact him in Washington, D.C., at 202-737-2258, steve@ethics.org.
• John R. Boatright is executive director of the Society of Business Ethics, an organization of scholars engaged in the academic study of business ethics and others. He is the Raymond C. Baumhart, S.J., Professor of Business Ethics in the School of Business Administration at Loyola University in Chicago. Contact 312-915-6994, jboatri@luc.edu.
• Lori Tansey Martens is president of the International Business Ethics Institute, a nonprofit educational organization that promotes business ethics and corporate responsibility. It is based in Washington, D.C. Contact 202-296-6938.
• Jim Fisher is director of the Emerson Center for Business Ethics at Saint Louis University. During the 2003-2004 academic year, his center sponsored a Religion & Morality in Business Lecture Series featuring a Christian, Muslim and Jewish speakers. Contact 314-977-3854, fisherje@slu.edu.
• Rick Shreve is adjunct professor of ethics at Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth in Hanover. N.H. Read his essay on teaching ethics. Contact 603-646-9323, richard.s.shreve@dartmouth.edu.

CHRISTIAN

• John C. Maxwell’s books on leadership include Today Matters: 12 Daily Practices to Guarantee Tomorrow’s Success (Warner Faith, 2004) and There’s No Such Thing As “Business” Ethics: There’s Only One Rule for Making Decisions (Warner Faith, 2003). He has a leadership, teamwork and personal growth company called Maximum Impact and is based in the Atlanta area. Contact Andrea Davis at Time Warner, 615-221-0996 ext. 224, andrea.davis@aoltwbg.com.
• Thomas Beaudoin, a professor in religious studies at Santa Clara University in Santa Clara, Calif., frequently comments on issues of faith and society. His books include Consuming Faith: Integrating Who We Are With What We Buy (Sheed and Ward, 2003). Contact 408-554-4668, tbeaudoin@scu.edu.
• Stephen G. Austin is co-author with Mary Steelman of Rise of the New Ethics Class: Life After Enron: Not Business as Usual (Charisma House, 2004), which promotes biblical guidelines. Austin, a CPA and former audit partner of Price Waterhouse, is chairman and partner with the accounting firm Swenson Advisors in San Diego. Contact Austin at saustin@swensonadvisors.com. Contact Steelman, who lives in Tarpon Springs, Fla., at mary@IntegrityAdvisors.com.
• Gary Moreau is the founder of Corporate Christians, an organization devoted to ethical behavior in the workplace. He is the author of The Ultimate MBA: Meaningful Biblical Analogies for Business (Augsburg Books, 2004). He is a former president of Oneida Ltd. and Lionel Trains and lives in the Detroit area. Contact 248-650-3527, gary@moreauonline.com.
• Quentin Schultze is professor of communication at Calvin College in Grand Rapids, Mich. His books include Habits of the High-Tech Heart: Living Virtuously in the Information Age (Baker Academic, 2004). Contact 616-526-6290, or through his web site.
• Financial adviser Gary Moore of Sarasota, Fla., is the founder and “chief spiritual officer” of Financial Seminary, a company that teaches spiritual and ethical values to folks who manage other people’s money and assets. Moore is the author of Faithful Finances 101: From the Poverty of Fear & Greed to the Riches of Spiritual Investing (Templeton Foundation Press, 2003). The company’s site lists Moore’s speaking engagements. Read a Sarasota Herald-Tribune story posted by the Ocala (Fla.) Star-Banner. Contact Moore at garmoco@hotmail.com or Paul Larsen, regional vice president, at larsenpc@gate.net.
• Robert J. Spitzer, a Jesuit priest, author and president of Gonzaga University in Spokane, Wash., has advised more than 300 businesses on ethics. Contact 509-323-6102, president@gonzaga.edu.

INTERFAITH

• Sister Patricia Wolf is executive director of the Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility, a coalition of 275 faith-based institutional investors. The center lists its issue groups. Contact 212-870-2994, pwolf@iccr.org.
• Deidre Combs is an interfaith minister, credentialed mediator and author of The Way of Conflict: Elemental Wisdom for Resolving Disputes and Transcending Differences (New World Library, 2003). Her consulting firm, Combs and Company, provides facilitation, conflict strategies and training services. She is based in Montana. Contact Monique Muhlenkamp at New World Library, 800-972-6657 ext. 15, monique@newworldlibrary.com.

JEWISH

• Howard Jonas is founder and chairman of IDT Corp. His books include I’m Not the Boss, I Just Work Here (Judaica Press, 2004), which discusses his values as an Orthodox Jew. He is based in New York City. Contact publicist Shira Dicker, 212-663-4643 or 917-403-3989 (cell), shiradicker@hotmail.com.
• Moses L. Pava is Alvin H. Einbender Professorial Chair in Business Ethics at Yeshiva University in New York City. His books include Business Ethics: A Jewish Perspective (Ktav Publishing, 1997) and The Search for Meaning in Organizations: Seven Practical Questions for Ethical Managers (Quorum Books, 1999). Contact 212-960-0844, mpava@ymail.yu.edu.
• Rabbi Eugene Borowitz is the Sigmund L. Falk Distinguished Professor of Education and Jewish Religious Thought at Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, New York. His books include Choices in Modern Jewish Thought (Behrman House, 1995) and, as co-author, Reviewing the Covenant: Eugene B. Borowitz and the Postmodern Renewal of Jewish Theology (State University of New York Press, 2000). Contact 212-824-2236, eborowitz@huc.edu.

MUSLIM

• Rafik Beekun is professor of management and strategy at the University of Nevada, Reno. He is the author of Islamic Business Ethics (International Institute of Islamic Thought, 1997) and co-author of Leadership: An Islamic Perspective (Amana Publications, 1999). Contact 775-784-6993 ext. 303, beekun@unr.nevada.edu (email preferred).
• Ingrid Mattson is professor of Islamic studies at Hartford Seminary’s Duncan Black Macdonald Center for the Study of Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations in Hartford, Conn. She focuses on Islamic law and society. Contact 860-509-9531, imattson@hartsem.edu.

SIKH

• Kuldeep Singh of Toledo, Ohio, former president of the World Sikh Council of North America, can speak about Sikhism and business ethics. Read an article he wrote, posted by the Sikh Review. Contact sikhs@toledoaccess.com.

NONRELIGIOUS

• Psychologist and science historian Michael Shermer is director of the Skeptics Society, based in Altadena, Calif., and publisher of Skeptic magazine. His books include The Science of Good and Evil: Why People Cheat, Gossip, Care, Share, and Follow the Golden Rule (Times Books, 2004). Contact 626-794-3119, DrMichaelShermer@aol.com.

Regional sources

IN THE NORTHEAST

• Tom Chappell, co-founder and president of Tom’s of Maine natural personal care products, is the author of The Soul of a Business: Managing for Profit and the Common Good (Bantam Press, 1993) and Managing Upside Down: The Seven Intentions of Values-Centered Leadership (William Morrow, September 1999). He is active in the Episcopal Church, environmental issues and philanthropy. He is based in Kennebunk, Maine. Contact executive assistant Joan Matthews at 207-985-2944 ext. 327, jmatthews@tomsofmaine.com.
• Laura Nash is senior lecturer in entrepreneurship and service management at Harvard Business School in Cambridge, Mass. She also is a consultant and speaker on corporate values and writes frequently on business ethics. Her books include, as co-author, Just Enough: Tools for Creating Success in Your Work and Life (John Wiley & Sons, 2004) and Church on Sunday, Work on Monday: The Challenge of Fusing Christian Values with Business Life (Jossey-Bass Publishers, 2001) and, as author, Believers in Business (Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1994). Contact 617-495-6055, lnash@hbs.edu.
• Howard H. Stevenson is senior associate provost for Harvard University resources and planning and the Sarofim-Rock Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School. His books include, as co-author, Just Enough: Tools for Creating Success in Your Work and Life (John Wiley & Sons, 2004). Contact 617-495-6339, hstevenson@hbs.edu.

IN THE EAST

• Ellen Barrosse heads the marketing and communications business Synchrogenix Information Strategies, based in Wilmington, Del. She created the It Starts Here program for analyzing companies’ ethics. Read a June 22, 2004, news release posted on the Yahoo! site. Contact 302-892-4800.
• Lori Tansey Martens is president of the International Business Ethics Institute, in a nonprofit educational organization that promotes business ethics and corporate responsibility. It is based in Washington, D.C. Contact 202-296-6938.
• The Woodstock Theological Center at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., engages in theolocial and ethical relfection on topics of social, economic and business importance.
• Full-time MBA students at the University of Maryland are required to visit prison and interview white-collar criminals. Stephen Loeb, a professor of accounting and information assurance and internationally known scholar in the area of accounting ethics, led the creation of the Business Ethics Experiential Learning Module. Read “University of Maryland: Lessons from the Cellblock,” a 2002 article by CFO.com. Contact 301-405-2207, sloeb@rhsmith.umd.edu.
• Max L. Stackhouse, the Rimmer and Ruth de Vries Professor of Reformed Theology and Public Life at Princeton Theological Seminary, studies and writes about the relationship of theological ethics to society. Stackhouse, an ordained minister in the United Church of Christ, directs the seminary’s Kuyper Center for Public Theology and is past president of the Society of Christian Ethics. His books include, as co-editor, On Moral Business: Classical and Contemporary Resources for Ethics in Economic Life (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1995) and God and Globalization, 3 vol., (Trinity Press International, 2000-2003). Contact max.stackhouse@ptsem.edu.
• The Rev. Leonard Sweet, a historian and futurist, is E. Stanley Jones Chair of Evangelism at Drew Theological School in Madison, N.J. His books include Summoned to Lead (Zondervan, 2004). He is active in leadership in the United Methodist Church. Contact lenisweet@aol.com.
• Peter Wosh, who directs New York University’s program in archival management, is the author of Covenant House: Journey of a Faith-Based Charity (University of Pennsylvania Press, December 2004). The book explores how Covenant House restored its reputation after a sex scandal. Contact 212-998-8601, peter.wosh@nyu.edu.
• Judith Samuelson is executive director of the Aspen Institute’s Business and Society Program in New York. She was a member of the Ethics Education Task Force for the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. Contact 212-895-8000, jsamuelson@aspeninstitute.org.
• Linda K. Trevino is Cook Fellow in Business Ethics and professor of organizational behavior at the Mary Jean and Frank P. Smeal College of Business Administration at Pennsylvania State University in University Park. Read a March 30, 2004, news release about her research, which debunks myths about ethics in the workplace. She was also a member of the Ethics Education Task Force for the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. Contact lt0@psu.edu.
• William S. Laufer is director of the Carol and Lawrence Zicklin Center for Business Ethics at Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and an associate professor of legal studies and sociology. Contact 215-898-1166, lauferw@wharton.upenn.edu.

IN THE SOUTHEAST

• Dennis P. McCann is the Wallace M. Alston Professor of Bible and Religion at Agnes Scott College in Decatur, Ga., and executive director of the Society of Christian Ethics. His books include, as co-editor, On Moral Business: Classical and Contemporary Resources for Ethics in Economic Life (Eerdmans Press, 1995). Call 404-471-6062, dmccann@agnesscott.edu.
• John Knapp teaches ethics at Columbia Theological Seminary in Decatur, Ga., and is founder and president of The Southern Institute for Business and Professional Ethics, located on the seminary’s campus. He has written about Christian life and business ethics. Contact 404-687-4589, KnappJ@CTSnet.edu.
• Lloyd Reeb directs Halftime Ministries, which encourages people to make the most of midlife transitions. He wrote From Success to Significance: When the Pursuit of Success Isn’t Enough (Zondervan, 2004). He has written and developed a web-based coaching tool called My Halftime Guide. He lives in North Carolina. Contact Karen Campbell, Zondervan, 616-698-3246, karen.campbell@zondervan.com.
• Joseph R. Herkert is associate professor of science, technology and society at North Carolina State University in Raleigh. He teaches and writes about engineering and computer science ethics and is the editor of Social, Ethical, and Policy Implications of Engineering: Selected Readings (Wiley-IEEE Press, 2000). Contact 919-515-7993, joe_herkert@ncsu.edu.
• Dean W. Krehmeyer is executive director of the newly established Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics in Charlottesville, Va. The center was formed in 2004 in partnership between Business Roundtable and leading faculty from the country’s top business schools. Contact Brian Moriarty, associate director of communications, 434-982-2323, moriartyb@Darden.virginia.edu.
• Barry PennHollar is professor of religion and philosophy at Shenandoah University, Winchester, Va., and has written about business ethics. Contact 540-665-5467, bpennhol@su.edu.

IN THE SOUTH

• David M. Smolin is a professor at Samford University, Cumberland School of Law in Birmingham, Ala. He has written about the relationship between religion and American politics. Contact 205-726-2418, dmsmolin@samford.edu.
• Geoffrey Layman is an assistant professor of political science at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tenn., with expertise in religion and politics. He wrote The Great Divide: Religious and Cultural Conflict in American Party Politics (Columbia University Press, 2001). Contact 615-322-6240, geoff.layman@vanderbilt.edu.
• Dr. John M. Bruce is an associate professor of political science at the University of Mississippi who specializes in politics and religion. Contact 662-915-7218, jbruce@olemiss.edu.
• David P. Gushee is a senior fellow at the Center for Christian Leadership at Union University in Jackson, Tenn., and is frequently cited on Christian obligations in politics. Contact 731-661-5024, dgushee@uu.edu.
• Paul J. Weber is a professor at the University of Louisville in Kentucky. He wrote the entry “Theocracy” for the Encyclopedia of Politics and Religion (CQ Press, 1998). Contact 502-852-3305, paulweber@louisville.edu.

IN THE MIDWEST

• Laura P. Hartman is professor of business ethics and associate vice president for academic affairs at DePaul University in Chicago, Ill. She was a member the Ethics Education Task Force for the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. Contact 312-362-6569, lhartman@depaul.edu.
• Thomas L. Shaffer is Robert and Marion Short Professor Emeritus of Law at Notre Dame University in South Bend, Ind. His expertise includes law and religion and legal ethics. His numerous books include Faith and the Professions (State University of New York Press, 1987.) Contact 574-631-7250, Thomas.L.Shaffer.1@nd.edu.
• David Sikkink, an assistant professor of sociology at Notre Dame University in South Bend, Ind., is researching the topic of religious ethics in the workplace. Contact 219-631-3166, David.Sikkink.1@nd.edu.
• Michael Distelhorst is president of the Council for Ethics in Economics, an association of leaders in business, education, and other professions working together to strengthen the ethical fabric of business and economic life. It is based in Columbus, Ohio. Contact 614-221-8661.
• The College of Business at Ohio University in Athens has recently strengthened its ethics curriculum in response to recent corporate scandals. Contact Glenn E. Corlett, dean and Philip J. Gardner Leadership Professor, at 740-593-2002, corlett@ohio.edu.
• James M. Childs is Joseph A. Sittler Professor of Theology and Ethics at Trinity Lutheran Seminary in Columbus, Ohio. His books include Ethics in Business: Faith at Work (Fortress Press, 1995) and Greed: Economics and Ethics in Conflict (Fortress, 2000). Contact jchilds@TrinityLutheranSeminary.edu.
• David Krueger is Charles E. Spahr Chair in Managerial and Corporate Ethics and professor of business administration at Baldwin-Wallace College in Berea, Ohio. His books include Keeping Faith at Work: The Christian in the Workplace (Abingdon Press, 1994). He has taught a course titled “Business Ethics and Green Business: God, Money and Ecology.” Call 440-826-5923, dkrueger@bw.edu.
• Donna Wood is the David W.Wilson Professor of Business Ethics at University of Northern Iowa in Cedar Falls. Contact 319-273-2196, Donna.Wood@uni.edu.
• Ron James is president and CEO of the Center for Ethical Business Cultures at the University of St. Thomas in Minneapolis. Contact 651-962-4123, rjames@cebcglobal.org.
• Michael Naughton is a professor at the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minn., where he teaches in the departments of Catholic studies and theology and in the College of Business. He directs the university’s John A. Ryan Institute for Catholic Social Thought. He has organized international conferences in the United States, Belgium and India about Catholic social thought and management. His books include, as co-author and co-editor, Managing as if Faith Mattered: Christian Social Principles in the Modern Organization (University of Notre Dame Press, 2000) and Rethinking the Purpose of Business: Interdisciplinary Essays in the Catholic Social Tradition (University of Notre Dame Press, 2002). Contact 651-962-5712, mjnaughton@stthomas.edu.
• Edmund Lambeth directs the Center for Religion, the Professions and the Public, which studies the intersection of religious and cultural diversity, spirituality, ethics and the professions at the University of Missouri, Columbia. Lambeth is also a professor emeritus at the Missouri School of Journalism. Contact 573-884-6295, lambethe@missouri.edu.

IN THE SOUTHWEST

• Psychologist Kevin Leman is a speaker and prolific author. His books include, as co-author, The Way of the Shepherd: 7 Ancient Secrets to Managing Productive People (Zondervan, 2004). He lives in Tucson. Contact Vicki Cessna, Zondervan, 616-698-3214, vicki.cessna@zondervan.com.
• Robert Kolb is director of the Center for Business and Society at Leeds School of Business and the University of Colorado-Boulder. He has doctorates in finance and philosophy. Contact 303-492-6236, Robert_Kolb@colorado.edu.
• Mark Wilding is director of the Marpa Center for Business and Economics at Naropa University, whose mission is based on the beliefs of its Tibetan Buddhist founder. The school is in Boulder, Colo. Contact 303-245-4769, mwilding@naropa.edu.
• Howard T. Prince II directs the new Center for Ethical Leadership at the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs in Austin, Texas. Contact 512-471-4303, hprince@bigfoot.com.
• William Pentak is an author, columnist, pastor, consultant and speaker. His books include, as co-author, The Way of the Shepherd: 7 Ancient Secrets to Managing Productive People (Zondervan, 2004). Pentak was one of the last hires made by Enron before the company imploded in bankruptcy. He now works in external communications at Reliant Energy in Houston. Contact Vicki Cessna, Zondervan, 616-698-3214, vicki.cessna@zondervan.com.
 

IN THE WEST/NORTHWEST

• Barbara McGraw is associate professor of business administration at St. Mary’s College of California, in Moraga, Calif., and she teaches ethical values in business. She is working on a book titled America’s Sacred Ground and the Marketplace: Rediscovering Moral Capitalism. Contact 925-631-4061, bmcgraw@stmarys-ca.edu.
• Rabbi Elliot N. Dorff is professor, rector and chairman of bioethics at the University of Judaism in Bel Air, Calif. He has written about Jewish ethics and business. Contact 310-476-9777 ext. 255, edorff@uj.edu. (Ed. note: The University of Judaism merged with Brandeis-Bardin to become American Jewish University in 2007.)
• Ian Mitroff is the Harold Quinton Distinguished Professor of Business Policy at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. He also holds a joint appointment in USC Annenberg School for Communication, where he is associate director of the Center for Strategic Public Relations. He is the president and founder of Comprehensive Crisis Management, a private consulting firm specializing in the treatment of human-caused crises. Mitroff’s books include, as co-author, A Spiritual Audit of Corporate America: A Hard Look at Spirituality, Religion, and Values in the Workplace (Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1999). Contact 213-740-0154 or 310-374-0063, ianmitroff@earthlink.net.
• Elizabeth A. Denton is a consultant with WBW & Associates in San Francisco, a counseling psychologist and a business speaker. She is co-author of A Spiritual Audit of Corporate America: A Hard Look at Spirituality, Religion, and Values in the Workplace (Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1999). Contact 415-387-4040, lizdenton@earthlink.net.
• Christine Arena, who is based in the San Francisco area, is the co-author of Cause For Success: Companies That Put Profit Second and Came in First (New World Library, November 2004). Contact Monique Muhlenkamp at New World Library, 800-972-6657 ext. 15, monique@newworldlibrary.com.
• William Russell teaches business ethics at Northwest Nazarene University in Nampa, Idaho, and has taught workshops for businesspeople on honesty. Read a June 17, 2004, article in The Idaho Statesman, “Business folks find it’s hard to handle the truth.” Contact 208-467-8784, wjrussell@nnu.edu.
• Armand E. Larive is the author of After Sunday: A Theology of Work (Continuum, 2004). He is a retired Episcopal priest, who was for many years a rector in Pullman, Wash., and a philosophy professor at Washington State University. He now works as a carpenter in Bellingham, Wash. Contact alarive@qwest.net.
• Dr. Kenman L. Wong is professor of business ethics and Joseph C. Hope Professor of Leadership and Ethics at Seattle Pacific University. He is the co-author of Beyond Integrity: A Judeo Christian Approach to Business Ethics (Harper-Collins/ Zondervan, 1996). Wong, who is co-director of the Center for Integrity in Business, specializes in Christian ethics in business. Contact 206-281-2353, klwong@spu.edu.
• Linda Ferrell, assistant professor of management and marketing at the University of Wyoming’s College of Business, specializes in business ethics. Contact 307-766-3723, lferrell@uwyo.edu.